Contrats

Réseau d’infrastructures pour l’essor des stratégies les plus durables de biocontrôle & Biostimulation - DURABiCs - Aura PARMENTIER-CAJAIBA (Partenaire)

Ce réseau d’infrastructures est conçu pour apporter les principales capacités actuellement manquantes dans le paysage R&I. Il propose des structures appuyant l’innovation organisationnelle et l’innovation biotechnique, utilisables par les projets de l’axe 3 du grand défi 2030  et d’autres dispositifs nationaux (PARSADA, ASTRAGAL, etc.). Il comporte différentes composantes distribuées sur 3 sites (Bordeaux, Paris, Sophia Antipolis).
L'objectif est de créer un maillage national de structures pour le développement des approches de biocontrôle par conservation ou acclimatation, en abordant notamment le développement de modèles économiques innovants.
Aura Parmentier-Cajaiba (maître de conférences, UniCA) coordonne ce projet avec Thibaut MALAUSA (Directeur de recherche à l’INRAE et directeur adjoint de l’UMR ISA). Elle travaille sur les effets de l’introduction d’innovations techniques et environnementales au sein des organisations, en particulier celles présentant un potentiel de transformation compatible avec les limites planétaires. Elle adopte des approches collaboratives qui intègrent les connaissances et les besoins des praticiens. Ses recherches portent sur l’innovation en agroécologie, en particulier sur les stratégies de lutte biologique, et elle participe à plusieurs projets en collaboration avec l’INRAE. 
Aussi, Manuel BOUTET (Maître de conférences, UniCA) en sociologie est partie prenante du projet. Son travail adopte une approche pragmatique, attentive à la réflexivité des acteurs de l’innovation. Il étudie le développement et la diffusion des innovations dans les domaines du numérique et de l’écologie. 

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Analyse des transformations du travail induites par l'IA dans les industries créatives et culturelles – AI-CCI - Sophia GALIERE (Porteuse)

In the contemporary landscape, characterized by the emergence of cutting-edge generative artificial intelligence, there is a growing apprehension regarding the impact of these technologies on the quality of work. The International Labour Organization (Gmyrek et al., 2023) issues a cautionary note, highlighting that AI's influence on factors such as work intensity and worker autonomy could surpass its quantitative effects on employment.

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Mobilisation transversale de la lutte biologique par acclimatation pour les filières de production françaises - MOBACCLIM  Aura PARMENTIER (Partenaire)

MOBACCLIM a pour objectif de faire profiter les filières françaises du potentiel des solutions issues de la lutte biologique par acclimatation (LBA). La LBA consiste à restaurer des équilibres biologiques perdus pendant une invasion biologique, en introduisant des ennemis naturels spécialistes de bioagresseurs (ravageurs, adventices) arrivés en France sans leur cortège d’ennemis naturels. La LBA est la méthode de biocontrôle présentant le meilleur rapport coût/bénéfice ; l’établissement d’ennemis naturels fournit un service de régulation permanent aux agriculteurs, qui permet de diminuer la pression des ravageurs.
MOBACCLIM a pour ambition de mettre à disposition à de nombreuses filières des solutions de régulation permanente associant stratégie LBA et post-LBA, dans des situations où des matières actives agrochimiques à large spectre étaient préalablement utilisées. La LBA est très sous-utilisée et sous-exploitée en France même quand elle mène à des succès, les filières et les territoires ne bénéficiant pas équitablement des lâchers d’auxiliaires. Le transfert post-LBA (matériel biologique, savoir-faire de production et lâcher, etc.) est donc un enjeu fort, qui nécessite des actions concertées avec les filières. Par ailleurs, à toutes ses étapes, la LBA nécessite des améliorations en termes de taux de succès et d’efficience.

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ANR-24-CE26-3350-01 - Maxime MENUET (Porteur)

Whether public debt can be sustained is a crucial consideration in any macroeconomic analysis of fiscal policy. However, currently, there is no satisfactory criterion for assessing the sustainability of public debt. Existing macroeconomic models on debt sustainability suffer from (a) internal inconsistency because they require nonmodeled social factors to account for the government’s ability to generate a primary fiscal surplus and (b) external inconsistency because they overlook the effects of debt-servicing costs and low-interest rate environments. The SustainDebt project addresses these two inconsistencies in the design of debt sustainability criteria. The first line of research aims to propose more realistic criteria through theoretical modeling based on endogenous growth models. I aim to challenge the prevailing paradigm suggesting that a positive response of the primary fiscal surplus to debt/GDP ratios is sufficient to ensure sustainability. I will explore how governments can secure sustainability when the adjustment of the primary surplus hinges on debt-servicing costs and default risk. I will also develop a micro-foundation that accounts for societal resistance to tax hikes and spending cuts by relying on rent-seeking mechanisms. This model will suggest innovative variables for evaluating debt sustainability, including securing property rights. The second line of research focuses on empirical analyses to reassess knowledge regarding the long-term fiscal policy behavior in Western countries and test theoretical predictions. I will investigate the dynamics of the primary fiscal surplus, considering debt-servicing costs and social/political variables, including political polarization. With insight gained from the designed debt sustainability criteria, I will propose new fiscal rules that can be implemented in the European Union.

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Determinants and impact of AI Education – AI-Edu Michele PEZZONI (Porteur)

“The best way to send knowledge from one place to another is to wrap it up in a person”. This famous quote by Robert Oppenheimer depicts the importance of individuals in acquiring and transferring knowledge. Among individuals acting as vectors for knowledge transfer, PhD graduates, a highly educated labor force sitting at the knowledge frontier, are in a privileged position to spread knowledge related to novel technologies. One such technology is today Artificial Intelligence (AI), which governments in all advanced countries support through large investments in universities and public research organizations.

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Employability development of French workers and job-seekers aged 45 and over – Eve St GERMES (Partenaire)

There is an urgent and renewed need for research into older workers’ employability. To address this societal challenge, we adopt a theoretical conception of employability which consists in linking individual, organizational, and governmental levels. We are therefore putting forward an ambitious project proposal, which links psychological and managerial perspectives. We intend to contribute to both literatures by studying common shortcomings (over-45 employability factors and dynamics from a multi-level perspective, sustainable career paths for elder workers) and specific shortcomings (as regards psychology, links between employability and different areas of life, from a time perspective; as regards management, organizations, climates and managers which are inclusive on age-related issues). The overall objective of this project is to identify the individual (micro), organizational (meso), and social (macro) conditions that would promote positive employability development for the unemployed and employed workers over 45.

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Reusing marine plastic through additive manufacturing as a strategy to address challenges in the tourism sector and strengthen business resilience - Christophe CHARLIER et Eric GUERCI (Partenaires)

PLASTRON aims to enhance the sustainability of local communities by providing knowledge and tools to promote the transition to a circular and resource-efficient economy, in line with the Green Deal policies and European initiatives aimed at achieving climate neutrality and preserving marine habitats.

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The Making of Economic Expertise in France (1930-1952) – ExEco Raphaël FEVRE (Porteur)

Economic expertise has become the basic grammar of political discourse. When did this practice start? What are its specific characteristics and what role does economics and economists play in it? This project (ExEco) intends to address these crucial democratic concerns from a historical perspective. From the interwar to the post-war period, economic expertise gained traction as French authorities assumed that one of their main tasks was to steer the economic development of the nation. The term economic expertise refers here to the different ways economic knowledge provides a legitimate basis for political intervention in public affairs.
The ExEco project aims at providing the first comprehensive history of economic expertise as it emerged and developed in mid-20th century France (from 1930 to 1952), placing the Vichy regime as its focal point.

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Health employability in questions and in action – ESQA Anne-Sophie GINON (Partenaire)

The objective of the ESQA project is to study the strategies and programs for anticipating and preserving the health of employees that have been put in place within companies. The aim is to understand the "activation" of health employability, the representations of health that they convey, the actors involved and the tools mobilized, particularly in terms of social dialogue.

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The PEPR Recycling research program is part of the “Recyclability, Recycling, and Reincorporation of Materials” Acceleration Strategy, which aims to establish a French model in the field of recycled raw materials (RMM) and their reincorporation into new products.

Numerous environmental, economic, and technological challenges must be addressed in the field of recycling in order to move toward a circular economy.
The research program (PEPR) “Recycling, Recyclability, and Reuse of Materials” is part of the national acceleration strategy “Recyclability, Recycling, and Reincorporation of Recycled Materials.”
Led by the CNRS and funded with a six-year budget of 40 million euros from France 2030, it focuses on five materials used in everyday life: plastics, composite materials, textiles, strategic metals, as well as paper and cardboard. Certain sectors such as batteries, new energy technologies, electrical and electronic waste, and household waste are also priorities. One of the distinctive features of this program lies in its approach, which draws on a wide range of disciplines and includes the humanities and social sciences.

The overall objective is to acquire the knowledge needed to improve the recycling and utilization of household waste throughout the entire value chain, from collection through processing and recycling to the recovery and/or disposal of final waste. The aim is to identify scientific issues and establish a multi- and interdisciplinary consortium. 
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(Examining opportunities for behavioral change using non-monetary tools and Environmental regulation and business model innovation through standards)
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ABS recycling revolution in the EU – ABSolEU - Nathalie LAZARIC (Partenaire)

Projet Européen "Paving the way for an ABS recycling revolution in the EU"
PI: UniCA (Nathalie Lazaric and Nathanael Guigo de l’Institut de Chimie de Nice).
Partners : UniCA (PI), CNRS, BIC, LEGO, Volvo Cars, Trinseo, Galloo, RISE, Prospex Institute, Standarder, Jotne
Funds : 7 657 022, 00 euros

The ABSolEU project is an initiative funded under the EU’s Horizon Europe Programme. It is simultaneously a multilateral collaboration that aims to pave the way to circularity for the ubiquitous plastic ABS, found in durable products from toys and other consumer goods to automotive components, and therefore revolutionise the current state of the art of ABS recycling in Europe and beyond.

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Controling the pest Drosophila suzukii with the sterile insect technique: maturation and efficacy – SuzuKIISS.ME Aura PARMENTIER (Partenaire)

Strawberry, raspberry and cherry farmers lack solutions to control the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (DS). Here, we will maturate the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) targeting DS. SIT has shown great efficacy to control many insects in foreign countries. It prevents reproduction by wild females through their mating with sterile males of the same species, which are mass-produced, sterilised and regularly released in large numbers. Females that mate with them produce non-viable eggs, hence reducing the population over generations. DS SIT will be deployed in semi-enclosed environments such as greenhouses and netted orchards.
Key initial technical elements have been reached, positioning DS SIT at a TRL of 4: the rearing process and pupae sterilization are mastered at a small-scale; a high-performance genetic line selected by the project leader greatly reduced female fertility when competing with wild males, in laboratory trials.
This project will mature the technology to TRL 7 thanks to: (1) scale-up and optimization of the operational steps (production capacity, handling, packaging, transport, adult sterilization); in order to (2) evaluate various parameters of efficacy in operational conditions; taking into account (3) the integration and consequences of DS SIT on both farming practices and the surrounding environment; and allowing to (4) propose organizational scenarios to implement DS SIT at the territorial level based on stakeholders’ engagements.

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